raise the risk of getting schizophrenia and triggers heart attacks

the
lights
go
out
in
the
attic

stays
on
in
the
basement

the
trap
door
stays
stuck
open

love
boris

ps

oh
yeah

every
thing
gets
cluttery
up

Marijuana does raise the risk of getting schizophrenia

This has been known for 50 years.

Abstract:

http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/2552797

Original Investigation

November 2016

Association Between Continued Cannabis Use and Risk of Relapse in First-Episode PsychosisA Quasi-Experimental Investigation Within an Observational Study

Tabea Schoeler, MSc1; Natalia Petros, MSc1; Marta Di Forti, PhD1; et al Jean-Baptiste Pingault, PhD2; Ewa Klamerus, BSc1; Enrico Foglia, BSc1; Amanda Small, BSc1; Robin Murray, FRS1; Sagnik Bhattacharyya, PhD1

JAMA Psychiatry. 2016;73(11):1173-1179.
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.2427

[...]

Conclusions and Relevance. These results reveal a dose-dependent association between change in cannabis use and relapse of psychosis that is unlikely to be a result of self-medication or genetic and environmental confounding.

Full report may be downloaded at link.

From report:

Conclusions

Using a quasi-experimental design whereinwe assessed cannabis use patterns after the onset of psychosis, we were able to investigate the causal nature of the association between cannabis use and risk of relapse in psychosis. Although it has been proposed that a common genetic liability or reverse causation may underlie the association between continued cannabis use and relapse,13 our results indicate that change in cannabis use represents a robust risk factor for relapse in patients with FEP.

"FAKE NEWS...MUD"

The report costs $87 and consists of 378 pages. BUT, as my gift to you, you can read it online here:

https://www.nap.edu/read/24625/chapter/1#xi

Then tell me what's fake about it.

Daily Mail

FAKE NEWS...MUD

Gatlin would agree.

The entertainment and information leviathan western countries has conspired to make pot smoking an activity that is condoned, approved of, even celebrated. But “getting high” on a lark has never been an unencumbered practice throughout history. Drug use in traditional societies has always been recognized for its dangers and has always been practiced within the bounds of ceremonial taboo and religious practice. It’s never been just for fun, and I think it would have been better if we’d followed the natural inclination of previous generations for whom the idea of smoking an herb to get high had been viewed as simply abject degeneracy and all of us just walked away. However, many of us didn’t, and now the genie is out of the bottle. Pot is a TRAP that’s been set for us.

Perhaps it’s time to recognize unintended consequences of behavior many have come to tolerate. It has become more than just a lifestyle choice on the part of millions. Recreational drug use of all kinds has spawned twin monsters. One head of the dragon is crime, organized and disorganized, from the neighborhood dealer to the dope cartels burrowing into our cities, which suck billions out of the legitimate economy. The other head is the criminal justice monster that feed armies of law enforcement and prison personnel and lives off the legalized confiscation of property and an insane proliferation of law upon law passed for the simple reason that no sane adult wants this stuff in their neighborhoods. No one wants their kids smoking pot. No one with his head screwed on anyway.

The unintended consequence is that we are in a TRAP that has no easy exit. On the one hand, there’s significant opposition to legitimizing pot use, for good reason. On the other, feeding the criminal justice system the way we have been doing is immensely destructive. It’s a tragedy when an otherwise good kid is apprehended at a traffic stop with a bowl and a couple of seeds to answer for, and his future is on the hook. Maybe if Michael Brown hadn’t been stuffing blunts and selling dope he might not have been walking down the middle of the street in front of a police cruiser with a box of stolen cigarillos. Perhaps he might not have felt it necessary to go for the gun of an honorable police officer who had to take a life to defend his own. Maybe Michael Brown might have finished school and done something productive with his life.

The libertarian voice in many of us tells us that it’s no skin off anyone else’s nose if a man rolls up a joint. But life is not that simple. You won’t escape the unforeseen and unintended.

"On the one hand, there’s significant opposition to legitimizing pot use, for good reason. On the other, feeding the criminal justice system the way we have been doing ... "

Some states have decriminalized marijuana. It's still illegal, but possession of small amounts is punishable by a fine -- like a traffic ticket.

Of course, those who favor legalization see this as a victory and only the first step. Which demonstrates the problem of trying to meet fanatics halfway.

Some states have decriminalized marijuana.

Which helps to keep a lot of folks caught with small amounts out of jail. That in itself is a good thing.

The next step is medical marijuana. And I think where that's being tried they're finding more dope in the hands of more kids. That's not such a good thing.

"The next step is medical marijuana ..."

You're making my point. First, decriminalize. Next, what about medical marijuana?

I thought you were against legalization. Now you're for it.

No, that's not the next step. Smoked medical marijuana is a scam. It has no medical use. No major medical organization approves of smoked marijuana for any reason..

I thought you were against legalization. Now you're for it.

Nope.

I guess it's the contentious nature of this board that forces people to take a king hell stand one way or another.

I know posters that maintain that pot has helped them with the symptoms of chronic conditions. I take them at their word and that's just anecdotal evidence. I also know folks that have prescribed marijuana for various problems. I assume they've done it for good reasons and that such prescriptions are licensed and approved. Still more anecdotal evidence.

We won't know if MM is a good thing or a bad thing I think for a number or years. The proof is in the pudding.

Right now more pot is getting into more hands and often times that product is getting into the hands of those that shouldn't have their mitts on it.

As I say, you can try these experiments, but you're going to have outcomes that you haven't gambled on. I'm very skeptical

"I guess it's the contentious nature of this board that forces people to take a king hell stand one way or another."

No. It's just that when we give a little and say we will decriminalize marijuana, people like you consider that concession to be the new starting point for negotiation. Then, when we balk at conceding even more, you accuse us of taking a "king hell stand".

"We won't know if MM is a good thing or a bad thing I think for a number or years. The proof is in the pudding."

The proof is in clinical testing -- just as we do every other drug. Why is marijuana the exception?

I don't like pot and our kids and grandkids don't have anything to do with it.

Frankly, I'd like to see it banished to the backwaters from whence it once came.

randge (#7) ----- "On the one hand, there’s significant opposition to legitimizing pot use, for good reason. On the other, feeding the criminal justice system the way we have been doing ... "

Some states have decriminalized marijuana. It's still illegal, but possession of small amounts is punishable by a fine -- like a traffic ticket. Of course, those who favor legalization see this as a victory and only the first step. Which demonstrates the problem of trying to meet fanatics halfway. ----- misterwhite

Randge, you will soon realize, like most rational people here, that misterwhite sort of leads the fanatics...

Some of them are wont to pull the other guy's jugular out by hand when opinions cross. Heh-heh.

A federal advisory panel admitted cannabis can almost certainly ease chronic pain, and might help some people sleep.

The National Academy of Science is a non-governmental, non-profit organization. The report is by an ad hoc committee of a non-government organization.

There are a lot of smart people on this forum.

Some of them are wont to pull the other guy's jugular out by hand when opinions cross. Heh-heh.

True enough, -- but after many years of hearing 'smart' irrationality, it leads to suspicions that it's really agitprop.

So the gloves come off.

Thanks.

It wouldn't surprise me. Heh.

So you think some folks here aren't really "free agents"?

Nope, I just think they're misguided fanatics about their particular causes.

Most don't even realize how anti-constitutional they come off as.

"A federal advisory panel admitted cannabis can almost certainly ease chronic pain, and might help some people sleep."

Well sure. Marijuana has the analgesic effect of Tylenol. Hardly a ringing endorsement.

And who's going to spend $10 on pot to relieve their "pain" rather than 10 cents for two Tylenol.

"A federal advisory panel admitted cannabis can almost certainly ease chronic pain, and might help some people sleep."

Well sure. Marijuana has the analgesic effect of Tylenol. Hardly a ringing endorsement.

And who's going to spend $10 on pot to relieve their "pain" rather than 10 cents for two Tylenol.

Really, it was an ad hoc committee of a non-governmental non-profit organization.

Actual report at page 4-4:

Discussion of Findings

The majority of studies on pain cited in Whiting et al. (2015) evaluated nabiximols outside the United States. In their review, the committee found that only a handful of studies have evaluated the use of cannabis in the United States and all of them evaluated cannabis in flower form provided by the National Institute on Drug Abuse that was either vaporized or smoked. In contrast, many of the cannabis products that are sold in state regulated markets bear little resemblance to the products that are available for research at the federal level in the United States. For example, in 2015 between 498,170 and 721,599 units of medical and recreational cannabis edibles were sold per month in Colorado (Colorado DOR, 2016, p. 12). Pain patients also use topical forms (e.g., transdermal patches and creams). Thus, while the use of cannabis for the treatment of pain is supported by well-controlled clinical trials as reviewed above, very little is known about the efficacy, dose, routes of administration, or side effects of commonly used and commercially available cannabis products in the United States. Given the ubiquitous availability of cannabis products in much of the nation, more research is needed on the various forms, routes of administration, and combination of cannabinoids.

CONCLUSION 4-1

There is substantial evidence that cannabis is an effective treatment for chronic pain in adults.

At page S-5:

SUBSTANTIAL EVIDENCE

For therapeutic effects: There is strong evidence to support the conclusion that cannabis or cannabinoids are an effective or ineffective treatment for the health endpoint of interest.

For other health effects: There is strong evidence to support or refute a statistical association between cannabis or cannabinoid use and the health endpoint of interest.

For this level of evidence, there are several supportive findings from good-quality studies with very few or no credible opposing findings. A firm conclusion can be made, but minor limitations, including chance, bias, and confounding factors, cannot be ruled out with reasonable confidence.

At page 4-3:

Are Cannabis or Cannabinoids an Effective Treatment for the Reduction of Chronic Pain?

[...]

For the purposes of this discussion, the primary source of information for the effect on cannabinoids on chronic pain was the review by Whiting et al. (2015).

Page I-13, References:

Whiting, P. F., R. F. Wolff, S. Deshpande, M. Di Nisio, S. Duffy, A. V. Hernandez, J. C. Keurentjes, S. Lang, K. Misso, S. Ryder, S. Schmidlkofer, M. Westwood, and J. Kleijnen. 2015. Cannabinoids for medical use: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 313(24):2456–2473.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26103030

Format: Abstract

Cannabinoids for Medical Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Whiting PF1, Wolff RF2, Deshpande S2, Di Nisio M3, Duffy S2, Hernandez AV4, Keurentjes JC5, Lang S2, Misso K2, Ryder S2, Schmidlkofer S6, Westwood M2, Kleijnen J7.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:

There was moderate-quality evidence to support the use of cannabinoids for the treatment of chronic pain and spasticity. There was low-quality evidence suggesting that cannabinoids were associated with improvements in nausea and vomiting due to chemotherapy, weight gain in HIV infection, sleep disorders, and Tourette syndrome. Cannabinoids were associated with an increased risk of short-term AEs.

So, the primary source holds "[t]here was moderate-quality evidence to support the use of cannabinoids for the treatment of chronic pain and spasticity."

At page S-6, the ad hoc committee of the non-governmental nonprofit orginization defined moderate evidence as follows:

MODERATE EVIDENCE

For therapeutic effects: There is some evidence to support the conclusion that cannabis or cannabinoids are an effective or ineffective treatment for the health endpoint of interest.

For other health effects: There is some evidence to support or refute a statistical association between cannabis or cannabinoid use and the health endpoint of interest.

For this level of evidence, there are several supportive findings from good- to fair-quality studies with very few or no credible opposing findings. A general conclusion can be made, but limitations, including chance, bias, and confounding factors, cannot be ruled out with reasonable confidence.

"...those who favor legalization see this as a victory and only the first step.
Which demonstrates the problem of trying to meet fanatics halfway."

"Right now more pot is getting into more hands and often times that product is getting into the hands of those that shouldn't have their mitts on it."

Sez HOO, my fascist friend?! Why is it YOUR business, POT-NAZI?!

Enjoy yourself. I don't give a shit

Me and mine will steer clear, thanks.

Fuck off, hippie libtard.

The Conservative Case For Legalizing Marijuana

25 Lies About Cannabis on the DEA Website — Refuted by the DEA Itself in 2016

Hopefully your blood pressure shits the bed before you ever see that in our history. I'll get a certain sense of satisfaction knowing you're in anguish over some lazy criminal scumbag getting his trailer door rocked off its hinges because he has a grow room operation next to the baby's crib... near the cases of PBR beer they stole from the local Walmart.

I also doubt he will do much to perpetuate its legality.

If he takes steps to allow the states to make their own decisions as per the 10th Amendment, that would be a good start.

"All GENUINE limitations N Life R Self-imposed."