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Title: Portugal's Experiment in Drug Decriminalization Has Been a Success
Source:
The Daily Bell
URL Source: http://www.thedailybell.com/editori ... BBA-5056-9627-3CD68EED0512AF67
Published: Jul 10, 2015
Author: Mark Thornton
Post Date: 2015-07-10 22:10:22 by Deckard
Keywords: None
Views: 1044
Comments: 13
This month, Portugal celebrates fourteen years of drug decriminalization. The grand experiment is now considered a happy success considering it was adopted out of desperation and in the face of dire warnings from proponents of the global drug war. What Led to Decriminalization During the mid-twentieth century, Portugal experienced fifty years of military dictatorship, and when leftist democratic control was reestablished in 1974, many expatriate Portuguese returned to Portugal from its colonies. Of course, many of these people were dissidents, outsiders, and outcasts, and many of them used illegal drugs. Over the next twenty-five years, there was a surge in drug use, drug abuse, addiction, overdoses, and eventually a very substantial prevalence of HIV/AIDS and other dirty-needle-related diseases. At the peak of this drug epidemic the rate of drug addiction and HIV/AIDS infection was "considerably higher" than the rest of Europe according to Dr. João Goulão, the longtime drug czar of Portugal. Goulão was on the eleven member anti-drug commission that formulated law 30/2000 which decriminalized all drugs starting July 1, 2001. The "grand experiment" seems to be the result of two factors. The first is that Portugal is a relatively poor European country and was unable to fight the war on drugs on every front. The second factor is that the commission was relatively non-partisan and simply adopted the common sense notion that drug abuse and addiction are not criminal problems for the police to solve. Drug abuse and addiction are medical and psychological problems that are better solved by the individual with the help of professionals and social pressures. Baby Steps Away from the Drug War Decriminalization is just one baby step away from the war on drugs, and drug smugglers and dealers are still sought out and punished. Individuals are only permitted to possess very small amounts of illegal drugs without being punished as a dealer. Under current laws, you can still be arrested and sent to counselors, but you do not face imprisonment unless you are an uncooperative multiple offender. While certainly not ideal, decriminalization has straightforward benefits over complete prohibition. First, otherwise law-abiding citizens will not be criminalized for possessing illegal drugs. Second, drug addicts will be more likely to seek professional help when government treats addiction as a medical rather than criminal problem. Third, the police will have more resources to address real crimes and possibly to provide subsidies for drug treatment programs. Fourth, drug addicts will turn away from dangerous synthetic drug substitutes and turn more to the natural illegal drugs like marijuana and cocaine. Fifth, if needles are legal too, then you should see fewer cases of diseases such as HIV/AIDS and hepatitis. Sixth, junkie ghettos will shrink in size and visibility. In sum, decriminalization should result in fewer people dying and being sent to prison and more people living "normal" lives. Of course, the biggest concern prior to decriminalization was the quantity of illegal drugs consumed. That concern is even more dominant when discussing outright legalization of drugs. Back when Portugal was considering decriminalization, I was interviewed by the "Time Magazine of Portugal," and the reporter stressed that this was the prime concern in Portugal at the time. I responded that you cannot know the answer to that question in advance, that you will never know the answer to that question, and that the question was unimportant. Too many factors impact the markets for illegal drugs to be able to say definitively that drug consumption will increase or decrease after decriminalization. Factually, statistics on drug consumption are necessarily imprecise. This is true for statistics prior to and after decriminalization. The existing statistics are based either on things like surveys and educated guesswork with the actual facts mired in the secretive world of the black market. Consumption aside, the real question is whether prohibition does more harm than decriminalization and the answer is yes. When I was pressed by the reporter for a guess, I responded that overall consumption would not change much; it might increase some in the short run and would decrease in the long run, unless the drugs were legalized in the future for medical or recreational uses. However, I stressed that there are undeniable benefits (listed above) and there is no reason that consumption would explode due to decriminalization. Many Still Refuse to See the Success It is hard to blame the Portuguese for their concerns at that time. Decriminalization was considered a dangerous experiment and a dodge of the United Nations' rules of the global war on drugs. However, mainstream drug policy experts remained "skeptical" of the Portuguese experiment even after nearly eight years of experience. Mark Kleiman, director of the drug policy analysis program at UCLA, claims that Portugal was an unrealistic model. Peter Reuter, another leading drug policy expert, claimed that despite achieving its central goal (decreased consumption) it could be explained by the fact that Portugal was a small country and that drug abuse is cyclical in nature. Remarkably, Dr. Goulão, who helped design and oversee the new law seems uninformed and perplexed at the positive outcomes even to this very day. He was recently quoted as saying: "it's very difficult to identify a causal link between decriminalization by itself and the positive tendencies we have seen." One picture that sums up the Portuguese success story shows that Portugal has the second lowest death rate from illegal drugs in all of Europe after experiencing one of the worst rates with prohibition. It is also interesting to note that the European Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) is headquartered in Lisbon. One analyst who works at EMCDDA, Frank Zobel, calls Portugal's policy "the greatest innovation in this field" and "that the policy is working. Drug consumption has not increased severely. There is no mass chaos. For me as an evaluator, that's a very good outcome." It is a happy anniversary for the Portuguese, but a scary one for all the drug warriors around the world whose incomes and power depend on continued ignorance about the effects of prohibition. This article contributed courtesy of The Mises Institute. To read more of Mark Thornton's thoughts on the drug war and other issues, see The Daily Bell interviews with him here and here.
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#1. To: Deckard (#0)
Portugal decriminalised drugs. Results? Use by teens doubled in a decade with nearly a fifth of 15 and 16-year-olds using drugshttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2815084/Portugal-decriminalised- drugs-Results-Use-teens-doubled-decade-nearly-fifth-15-16-year-olds-using- drugs.html The Commies wanted to increase drug addiction to help destroy America. So I guess it is a success if you look it at at destroying peoples lives. Portugal is much better with more people frying their brains right?
Drugs were another front in the Cultural Marxists war against Eisenhower's America.
In a Cop Culture, the Bill of Rights Doesn’t Amount to Much As long as t hey don't drink fluoridated water....
Here is some more "success"
Those are terrible, such a waste of human potential. The pictures are disgusting, the warped minds preaching that putting heroin into your veins is wonderful are the same warped minds preaching that a guy taking another guy up his rear is wonderful.
Here's some "success" stories thanks to your glorious War on Drugs. Gotta break some eggs if you wanna make an omelet, right drug warriors? Sleeping 7-year-old girl shot in head during no-knock police raid on wrong home Meet 59-year-old David Hooks, the latest drug raid fatality A Georgia SWAT team shot and killed an armed homeowner during a September 24 drug raid sparked by the word of a self-confessed meth addict and burglar who had robbed the property the previous day. No drugs were found. David Hooks, 59, becomes the 34th person to die in US domestic drug law enforcement operations so far this year. SWAT Team That Maimed ‘Baby Bou Bou’ Phonesavanh Blames The Toddler For Being In The Way, In Court Members of a Georgia SWAT team whose actions led to a baby having a hole blown in his chest blamed the baby for his injuries, saying he should have known better than to be in the trajectory of a flash-bang grenade, court documents reveal. In fact, at one point the SWAT team even suggested, in its defense, that the toddler’s actions constituted “criminal conduct,” The Free Thought Project is reporting. As previously reported by the Inquisitr, in May, 2014, then 19-month-old Bounkham ‘Baby Bou Bou’ Phonesevanh was left horribly disfigured during a botched drug raid carried out by the Habersham County (Georgia) Sheriff’s Office. In a Cop Culture, the Bill of Rights Doesn’t Amount to Much That too is tragic. I will not deny that. It is the truth.
This article contributed courtesy of the Libertarian, legalize-all-drugs Mises Institute.
Tragic, yes. But 100% avoidable. According to the Grand Jury report (which refused to indict any law enforcement officers on any criminal charges): "18. The evidence shows the children were in danger from the moment they moved into the residence and the parents and the extended family had some degree of knowledge concerning family members involved in criminal activity that came in and out of the residence." What responsible parent knowingly places their 19- month-old baby in harm's way?
I think I like their system better. Here in the US, all we do is issue a $100 ticket that can be mailed in.
Success
#2. To: A K A Stone (#1)
One picture that sums up the Portuguese success story shows that Portugal has the second lowest death rate from illegal drugs in all of Europe after experiencing one of the worst rates with prohibition.
#3. To: A K A Stone (#1)
The Commies wanted to increase drug addiction to help destroy America.
#4. To: nativist nationalist, A K A Stone, Pericles (#3)
“Truth is treason in the empire of lies.” - Ron Paul
Americans who have no experience with, or knowledge of, tyranny believe that only terrorists will experience the unchecked power of the state. They will believe this until it happens to them, or their children, or their friends.
Paul Craig Roberts
#5. To: nativist nationalist, A K A Stone (#3)
Drugs were another front in the Cultural Marxists war against Eisenhower's America.
#6. To: Deckard (#4)
#7. To: Deckard (#4)
#8. To: A K A Stone (#7)
Here is some more "success"
#9. To: nativist nationalist, A K A Stone (#8)
(Edited)
Those are terrible, such a waste of human potential.
“Truth is treason in the empire of lies.” - Ron Paul
Americans who have no experience with, or knowledge of, tyranny believe that only terrorists will experience the unchecked power of the state. They will believe this until it happens to them, or their children, or their friends.
Paul Craig Roberts
#10. To: Deckard (#9)
#11. To: Deckard (#0)
"This article contributed courtesy of The Mises Institute."
#12. To: A K A Stone (#10)
"That too is tragic. I will not deny that. It is the truth."
#13. To: Deckard (#0)
"Under current laws, you can still be arrested and sent to counselors ..."
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