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Saint Nicholas The Real St. Nick Will Atheists in China Starve Due to No Fish to Eat? A Thirteen State Solution for the Holy Land? US Sends new Missle to a Pacific ally, angering China and Russia Moscow and Peoking DeaTh noTice ... Freerepublic --- lasT Monday JR died "‘We Are Not the Crazy Ones’: AOC Protests Too Much" "Rep. Comer to Newsmax: No Evidence Biden Approved Autopen Use" "Donald Trump Has Broken the Progressive Ratchet" "America Must Slash Red Tape to Make Nuclear Power Great Again!!" "Why the DemocRATZ Activist Class Couldn’t Celebrate the Cease-Fire They Demanded" Antifa Calls for CIVIL WAR! British Police Make an Arrest...of a White Child Fishing in the Thames "Sanctuary" Horde ASSAULTS Chicago... ELITE Marines SMASH Illegals Without Mercy Trump hosts roundtable on ANTIFA What's happening in Britain. Is happening in Ireland. The whole of Western Europe. "The One About the Illegal Immigrant School Superintendent" CouldnÂ’t believe he let me pet him at the end (Rhino) Cops Go HANDS ON For Speaking At Meeting! POWERFUL: Charlie Kirk's final speech delivered in South Korea 9/6/25 2026 in Bible Prophecy 2.4 Billion exposed to excessive heat 🔴 LIVE CHICAGO PORTLAND ICE IMMIGRATION DETENTION CENTER 24/7 PROTEST 9/28/2025 Young Conservative Proves Leftist Protesters Wrong England is on the Brink of Civil War! Charlie Kirk Shocks Florida State University With The TRUTH IRL Confronting Protesters Outside UN Trump Meeting The UK Revolution Has Started... Brit's Want Their Country Back Inside Paris Dangerous ANTIFA Riots Rioters STORM Chicago ICE HQ... "Deportation Unit" SCRAPES Invaders Off The Sidewalk She Decoded A Specific Part In The Bible Muslim College Student DUMBFOUNDED as Charlie Kirk Lists The Facts About Hamas Charlie Kirk EVISCERATES Black Students After They OPENLY Support “Anti-White Racism” HEATED DEBATE "Trump Rips U.N. as Useless During General Assembly Address: ‘Empty Words’" Charlie Kirk VS the Wokies at University of Tennessee Charlie Kirk Takes on 3 Professors & a Teacher British leftist student tells Charlie Kirk facts are unfair The 2 Billion View Video: Charlie Kirk's Most Viewed Clips of 2024 Antifa is now officially a terrorist organization. The Greatness of Charlie Kirk: An Eyewitness Account of His Life and Martyrdom Charlie Kirk Takes on Army of Libs at California's UCR DR. ALVEDA KING: REST IN PEACE CHARLIE KIRK Steven Bonnell wants to murder Americans he disagrees with What the fagots LGBTQ really means I watched Charlie Kirk get assassinated. This is my experience. Elon Musk Delivers Stunning Remarks At Historic UK March (Tommy Robinson) "Transcript: Mrs. Erika Kirk Delivers Public Address: ‘His Movement Will Go On’" "Victor Davis Hanson to Newsmax: Kirk Slaying Crosses Rubicon" Rest In Peace Charlie Kirk Charlotte train murder: Graphic video captures random fatal stabbing of young Ukrainian refugee Berlin in July 1945 - Probably the best restored film material you'll watch from that time! Status: Not Logged In; Sign In International News See other International News Articles Title: Scientists turn textbook volcanic eruption theory on its head Source: India.com URL Source: http://zeenews.india.com/news/sci-t ... heory-on-its-head_1467205.html Published: Sep 13, 2014 Author: 2 news Post Date: 2014-09-13 18:43:42 by Excalibur Keywords: None Views: 340 Washington: Researchers have recently revealed that volcanoes theory shown in the typical textbooks might not be exactly correct. Researchers at Caltech and the University of Miami in Florida found that the volcano pictures, such as those that are forming the Hawaiian Islands, illustrate that it erupts when magma gushes out as narrow jets from deep inside Earth but those pictures are wrong. Don Anderson, the Eleanor and John R. McMillian Professor of Geophysics, Emeritus, at Caltech said that new seismology data are now confirming that such narrow jets don't actually exist. He further explained that, in fact, basic physics doesn't support the presence of these jets, called mantle plumes, and the new results corroborated those fundamental ideas. It was mentioned that no one has been able to detect the predicted narrow plumes, although the evidence has not been conclusive. The jets could have simply been too thin to be seen. Very broad features beneath the surface have been interpreted as plumes or super-plumes, but, still, they're far too wide to be considered narrow jets. googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("dfp-ad-zeenews_articles_250x250_atf"); }); But now, due to more seismic stations spaced closer together and improved theory, analysis of the planet's seismology was good enough to confirm that there are no narrow mantle plumes. Instead, data reveal that there are large, slow, upward-moving chunks of mantle a thousand kilometers wide. The new measurements suggested that instead of narrow jets, there are broad upwellings, which are balanced by narrow channels of sinking material called slabs. What was driving this motion was not heat from the core, but cooling at Earth's surface. The results also have an important consequence for rock compositions, notably the ratios of certain isotopes.According to the mantle-plume idea; the measured compositions derive from the mixing of material from reservoirs separated by thousands of kilometers in the upper and lower mantle. But if there are no mantle plumes, then all of that mixing must have happened within the upwellings and nearby mantle in Earth's top 1,000 kilometers. The study titled 'Mantle updrafts and mechanisms of oceanic volcanism' is published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. (1 image) Post Comment   Private Reply   Ignore Thread

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